Apparatus for concreting piles.



A. H. DAVIS.

APPARATUS FOR CONCRETING FILES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.I5, 1910.

Sept. 19, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Patented A. H. DAVIS,

APPARATUS FOR CONCRETING FILES.

APPLICATION minus. 15. 1910.

1 1 98,62 1 Patented Sept. 19, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET :2.

A. H. DAVIS.

APPARATUS FOR CONCRETING FILES.

APPLlCAHON FILED AUG. l5. X910.

Patented Sept. 19, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- m m m UNITED STATES AENT OFFIC.

ALFRED H. DAVIS, OF ST. PETERSBURG, FLORIDA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESN EASSIGNMENTS,

T0 INTERNATIONAL CONCRETE FILING 00., INC., OF JAMESTOWN, NEW YORK, A.

CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

APPARATUS FOR CONCRETING FILES.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRED H. DAVIS, a citizen of the United States,residing at St. Petersburg, in the State of Florida, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Concreting Piles,of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved process and apparatus for castingconcrete jackets around piling or other structures to protect themagainst the ravages of the teredo or other destructive marine worms andthe like: and for the further purpose of reinforcing and strengtheningold, decayed or worm eaten piling in docks, piers, bridges, or whereverpiling is used.

One of the objects of this invention is to facilitate and lessen thecost of labor in forming a protectivecovering of concrete upon asubmerged, or partially submerged portion of a pile or other similarsupport, after it has been driven into place, and particularly to enablethe concrete covering to be carried down to the bottom of the pile, inits proper consistency and there permitted to set without theintermingling therewith, of the surrounding water.

A further object of this invention is to provide an annular space aroundthe piling below the level of the tide which shall be comparativelydevoid of water, and into which may be placed concrete mixed to theproper consistency, without its coming in contact with the surroundingwater while it is being tamped in the mold.

Another object of my invention is to provide a receptacle or mold inwhich the concrete is placed, after having been mixed to the properconsistency by the addition of fresh water, as. contra-distinguishedfrom the methods employed wherein the mixture, of cement and gravel isplaced in dry form in receptacles and sunk into place, depending on thesea water to effect the chemical action and combination between theingredients of the mixture, the advantages of which will hereinaftermore fully appear.

A further object of my invention is an improved arrangement of theconcrete jacket casting apparatus, whereby the said apparatus may bereadily detached from the pile with its surrounding concreteSpecification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept, 19 1916 Applicationfiled August 15, 1910.

Serial No. 577,365.

jacket, removed therefrom and placed in position on another pile readyto repeat the jacket casting process.

My said invention further relates to a process of covering each sectionwith a coating of non-adhesive compound, which facilitates the removalof the molds after the concrete has become partially set, as well asimparting a smooth exterior surface to the concrete jacket.

My said invention further relates to an improved form of a detachablemold and reinforcing frames of novel construction and arrangement ofparts herein described, and more particularly pointed out in theaccompanying claims.

In order to more fully describe my said invention, reference will be hadto the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1, represents in vertical section, a form of apparatus embodyingmy invention, the same being shown closed and locked ready to receivethe concrete mixture: Fig.

2, represents a transverse section a reinforcing frame, a tubular moldand an innertube. Fig. 3, is a perspective view of sections of aninner-tube showing means for joining the two half sections and means forlocking the longitudinal sections together. Fig. 4, is a perspectiveview, with parts broken away, of the reinforcing frame with the tubularmold in position therein. Fig. 5, is a vertical transverse sectionproduced through the first mold section showing the taper funnel shapedbottom. Fig. 6, represents a transverse section open, showing the hingedreinforcing frame with the tubular mold in half sections. Fig. 7 is asectional elevation taken centrally through a pile, disclosing theapplication of the apparatus. Fig. 8, is an enlarged view of the lockingmeans whereby the flanged edges of the tubular mold are coupledtogether. Fig. 9, is a vertical transverse section produced through asection of the reinforcing frame showing its reinforced construction.Fig. 10, represents a transverse section of the reinforcing frame open,disclosing the hinge joint, and the locking latch. Fig. 11, is anenlarged view of one of the clevises by which the sections of thereinforcing frame are joined together.

Like parts are represented by similar characters of reference in theseveral views.

My apparatus consists of the following parts as shown in Fig. 1, all ofwhich combine to produce a. portable mold or form around a pile or otherstructure, partially or wholly submerged, standing separately or inposition in any structure of which they may form a part:

The supporting frame consists of a series of horizontal andperpendicular supports reinforced at their intersections by suitablemetal plates properly bolted or riveted, the whole being bisectedperpendicularly, provided with hinges at one side and an extensiblelocking device at the opposite side, which provides for securing theframe when the same is being adjusted or lowered into position, andunlocking and removing the same entirely by operations conducted fromabove the surface of water, thus eliminating the necessity of divers orsubmarine apparatus. By my improved process and apparatus hereindescribed I make it possible to perform all of the operations necessaryto properly concrete-jacket a pile or other support, at a point abovethe level of the tide.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, 1 represents a section of theinner tube; 2 represents a. section of the tubular mold form; 3represents a section of reinforcing and supporting frame.

For the purposes of forming a concrete jacket around a. pile I provideone or more j acket-forming units, each of which is comprised in thecase shown, of an inner tube immediately surrounding the pile or objectto be concrete-jacketed: of a tubular mold section surrounding the innertube and adapted to receive and contain the concrete; and of areinforcing and supporting frame adapted to clasp around the tubularmold section for supporting and reinforcing the same during theoperation of forming the concrete jacket. The sectional inner tubeconsists of two half sections by means of which each section is bisectedvertically and placed around the pile. The contiguous vertical edges ofthe two half sections are provided with a tongue and groove joint, andfor the purpose of making this joint watertight, I place in the grooveof the joint a layer vof suitable compressible packing, such as oakum orother material, well known in the art and used for making joints watertight. lVhen the two halves of a section of inner tube have been placedin posi tion around a pile, I provide for joining the next sectionthereto by telescoping the intersecting joints or divisions of onesection with the section below, and to provide means for securelyholding the sections together, for the purpose hereinafter explained 33provide a hasp and staple 4,

shown in Fig. 3. By this means it is possible to construct around astanding pile or other similar structure a tube of any desired length,water tight, and detachable. Around this inner tube is placed thetubular mold section 2, consisting of two half sections bisectedvertically as shown in Fig. 5. For the purpose of providing awater-tight joint, the contiguous edges of the tubular mold form aremade with extended flanges 5, between which are placed suitable gaskets6, designed to be compressed by methods hereinafter described, intomaking a water tight seam in the joint between the two halves of thetubular mold sections.

For supporting the tubular mold sections I provide a. suitable cageframe 3, which also serves to reinforce the tubular mold, into which theconcrete is placed, as shown in Figs. 1, at, 7 and 9, wherein, 7represents angle irons, shown riveted to annular shaped hoops 8, placedat suitable intervals. At the intersections of the angle irons 7, andthe annular hoops 8, are placed reinforcing plates 9. The annular shapedhoops 8, are provided with a. knuckle joint 10, upon which thesupporting frame as assembled, opens to receive into and to be claspedaround the tubular mold 2. At the intersecting edges of the annularshaped hoops 8, directly opposite to the knuckle joint 10, are providedlocking means for latching the two bisected halves, consisting, on theone intersecting edge of latch 11, which engages the latch bar 12. whichis slidably mounted at the opposite intersecting edge of the supportingframe, so that when the supporting frame is closed around the tubularmold, the protruding end 13, of the latch 11. passes through a slot inthe latch bar 12, and by an upward movement of the latch bar, itlockingly engages the latch 11.

In the construction of the supporting frame, the angle irons 7 areplaced in pairs as shown in Fig. 4, and are so placed in relation toeach other, that the inwardly extending angles are so spaced apart,sufliciently to admit of the flanged lips 5, of the tubular mold sectionto be placed between the inwardly extended faces of the angle irons, andthereby securely gripping the flanged lips 5, in the closing operationof the supporting frame around the tubular mold. For the purpose ofgripping these flanged lips to a greater degree, and thus insuring awater tight joint, I provide setscrews 14, tapped through one of theinwardly extended faces of the angle irons at suitable intervals, and bymeans of setting up these screws I am enabled to compress the gaskets 6,placed between flanged lips 5, thereby making the intersecting joints ofthe tubular mold sections water tight. The angle irons thus providedwith compressing means and which are adapted to engage the flanged lipsof the tubular mold are placed at the bisecting line of the supportingframe. For the further purpose of reinforcing the tubular mold, I placesimilar angle irons 7 at ninety degree intervals from those used forcompressing the flanged lips 5, above referred to, which are arranged toengage an angle iron 15, shown on Figs. 2 and 4, which is securelybolted to the tubular mold section.

For the purpose of supporting the tubular mold section, I provide anglehooks 16, securely riveted to the tubular mold 2, at the upper and lowerextremities thereof, and arranged to rest on the annular shaped hoops 8,of the supporting frame.

For the purpose of handling the supporting frame and swinging the sameinto position around the pile or other structure above to be cementjacketed I provide hooks 17 securely attached to the supporting frame.To hooks 17, are attached suitable chains or other supporting devicesleading upward to the superstructure above the piling from which theapparatus is supported and lowered.

In Fig. 1, is shown the first or lower section of a supporting frame,the upper terminal of which section ends at the annular shaped hoop 8,above the supporting hooks 17. Above this annular shaped hoop is shownthe beginning of another section of the supporting frame, and is shownintersected and locked to the lower section by the clevises 18, whichare bolted at their upper ends to the annular hoop of the en gagingsection, and are arranged to slip over the upper annular hoop of thelower section, and are locked by the bolt 19, pass ing therethrough asshown in an enlarged detailed view in Fig. 11.

For providing a suitable detachable joint for the latch bar 12, atintersections of the supporting frames, I provide an oil set joint forbringing the two sections of the latch bar in proper alinement andcouple the same with a bolt 20.

In providing a suitable tubular mold section that can be placed around astanding pile I arrange for each section of the tubular mold form to bemade in two half sections divided vertically the lower extremities ofthe first or anchor section being eontracted or reduced to funnel shapeat its lower end. To provide a suitable means for making theintersecting edges of the two half sections water tight, I provideoutwardly extending flanges through which I have provided suitableapertures 21, in the one half section, adapted to engage the protrudingstuds 22, placed in the other half section, so that when the tubularmold form is closed, the studs 22, pass through the appertures 21, andthe cotter pins 23, are

inner side of the tubular mold sections at line 24, Fig. 5, arranged totelescope into the next lower section to a depth of line 25, shown inFig. 5. This lining or apron may be made of any suitable materialpreferably of heavy water proof canvas or other fabric, designed toclose in against the inner surface of the tubular section next below bythe compressing force of the weight of the concrete mixture. For thepurpose of further uniting and maintaining the superposed sections ofthe tubular mold casing in alinement, I provide a hasp 26, shown in Fig.7, on the one section, adapted to engage a staple 27, on the othersection, through which is inserted a suitable cotter pin. By this meansthe tubular casing sections are held together, and may be supported fromthe superstructure by suitable chains or other means, attached to thestaples 27 shown in Fig. 7.

I do not limit myself to the specific form or proportionate size oftubular mold or other parts of the apparatus shown in the accompanyingdrawings as various sizes of molds may be used in the same supportingframe by means of adjusting the extensions therefrom, consisting of theflanges 5, and angle irons 15, and the supporting hooks 16,

to properly engage the supporting frame as herein described.

Having thus described the various parts of my apparatus in detail, theapplication of the same is as follows: When a concrete covering is aboutto be placed around a pile or other support .and without removing the.

planking of the dock or superstructure, upon which the work is to bedone, the reinforcing and supporting frame is opened and placed in ahorizontal position as shown in Fig. 9. Into this supporting frame isplaced the tubular mold section shown in Fig. 5, which has been selectedas of the proper diameter suflicient to give the required thickness ofthe concrete jacket for the particular pile it is to be applied to. Tothe inner sur face of the tubular mold section, I apply a non-adhesivemixture composed of red lead and common brown soap, which facilitatessevering the tubular mold sections, from the concrete jacket after ithas received its initial set, and also imparts a smoothness to theexterior surface of the concrete jackets. The

tubular mold sections are held in proper place in the frame by thesupporting hooks 16, engaging the top and bottom hoops of the supportingframe. The angle irons 15, are also brought into engagement with theslot provided for in the space between the angle irons 7 7 receiving abearing therein against the supporting frame as shown in Fig. 4. Thesupporting frame, together with the tubular mold forms therein is thenclosed together and properly latched. In this form it is supported fromany cross timber or part of the superstructure by means of chains orother suitable supports, depending therefrom, attached to the hooks 17.The frame in its suspended position, together with the tubular mold formtherein is then opened and swung into position around the pile above thewater line, and the supporting frame is then closed and latched, and thecotter pins 23, are slipped through the holes into studs 22, thusfastening the edges of the half sections of the tubular mold casing. Theset screws for compressing the gaskets 6, are then properly set upmaking the joints water tight. I then place th two halves of a sectionof the inner tube around the pile, allowing the same to slip down overthe pile until the lower edge of the inner tube engages the funnelshaped bottom of the tubular mold section as shown in the dotted linesin Fig. 1, provision being made for placing a gasket on the lower end ofthe inner tube, where it engages in contact with the funnel shaped endof the tubular mold casing, the weight of the inner tube creating asuflicient bearing upon the gasket to make a water tight joint betweenthe inner tube and the funnel shaped sides of the tubular mold casing. Ithen place in the annular space formed by the inner tube, and thetubular mold casing, a proper quantity of broken stone or gravel to makea proper foundation upon which the first application of concrete isplaced. The annular space between the inner tube and the tubular moldcasing. is then filled from above the water line with a concrete mixtureof proper consistency. The supporting frame with the inner tube and thetubular mold casing resting therein, is then lowered until the top of thmold casing is a few inches above the water line. I't-hen place anothersection of the inner tube around the pile with a telescopic jointconnecting the same with the like section already in place. I thenrepeat the process of placing another section of the tubular mold forminto another section of the supporting frame and clasping the samearound the pile, lowering the supporting frame section until theclevises 18, engage the uppermost annular shaped hoop 8, of the sectionof the supporting frame already in place. at the same time permittingthe inner lining or fabric attached to the lower edge of the tubularmold section, to telescope inside of the lower mold section already inplace. I then attach and fasten the .An application of cement orconcrete mixture is then applied to the annular space until by suchapplication the concrete has arisen to a point above the fabric apronand properly compressing the same against the inner sides of the nextsection of the tubular mold form below, thus making a water tight jointbetween the two mold sections so jointed as aforesaid. The wholeapparatus is then again lowered and the process of applying the moldsection is repeated and the concrete is continued until the lower oranchor section composing the funnel shaped tubing, reaches the bottomand is embedded sufficiently into the mud or gravel into which the pileis driven to shut off any sea water getting in from below, after whichthe con creting may be continued to any desired point above the waterline. After the required height of the concrete jacket has beenprovided, the inner tube is immediately withdrawn, allowing the concretein its plastic condition to settle around the pile without altering toany appreciable extent its proper consistency, and forcing in itssettling operation, any water that may have existed in the space betweenthe inner tube and the pile, upwardly and out through and over the topof the concrete.

Asthe inner tube is withdrawn, and the concrete settles and fills up anydepressions or worm eaten cavities in the pile, sufficient concretemixture is added at the top to always keep the level of the concreteabove the water line as the tube is being withdrawn, thus providingagainst any disintegration of the concrete mixture. After the concretemixture thus applied has established its initial set the reinforcing andsupporting frame 3, may be removed, the tubular mold form 2, being leftin position until such time as the concrete thus formed around the pilehas attained sufficient age and hardiness to resist the action of thewater in agitation caused by tides, currents, and undertow. After thisstate has been reached, the cotter pins 23 are withdrawn by suitablechains connected therewith extending upward to a point above the waterline. To provide for the drawing of one of these cotter pins at a timeand thus drawing the various pins in sem'atim, I arrange my draw chainsconnected to the cotter pins in such manner that there is a little slackchain between the fastening of the chain to the one pin and thefastening of the chain to the pin next below, so that in drawing theuppermost pin no tension is put on the next succeeding pin below, untilsufficient movement of the chains has disengaged each upper pin beforethe drawing of the pin next below commences.

The apparatus herein described may be used in forming concrete coveringother than the form which I herein show and the apparatus embodying myinvention may be used for concrete coverings to other than piling oranalogous marine structures and I do not desire to limit my invention inall cases to the formation of cylinders of concrete around standingpiling or the like, since my apparatus may be adapted to cast jackets ofother shapes and on other structures without departing from my saidinvention.

What I do claim as my invention is:

1. An apparatus for forming a concrete casing around a driven pile, thecombination of a sectional inner tube adapted to encircle a driven pile,a sectional outer tubular casing adapted to be placed in a surroundingsupporting frame, locking means for holding said supporting frame insurrounding position, with means for detaching and withdrawing the innercasing, the supporting frame, and the tubular mold casing, separately.

2. In an apparatus for forming a concrete casing around a driven pile,the combination of an inner casing, and an outer mold casinglongitudinally divided into semi-cylindrical segments adapted toencircle a pile providing an annular space between said casingsconstituting a mold in which is formed the concrete casing, areinforcing frame adapted to be clasped and locked around the outercasing for supporting the mold during the concrete casting operation,with means for unlocking the reinforcing frame actuated from a pointabove the level of the surrounding water.

3. In an apparatus for forming a concrete casing around a driven pile,the combination of an inner casing, and an outer casing longitudinallydivided into semi-cylindrical segments adapted to encircle a pileproviding an annular space between said casings constituting a mold inwhich is formed the concrete casing, a reinforcing frame adapted to belocked in an encircled position for supporting the mold during theconcrete molding operation, with means actuated from the point above thelevel of the surrounding water for unlocking, and removing, thesemi-cylindrical segments substantially as described.

4. An apparatus for forming a concrete covering around a pile comprisingan inner and outer casing adapted to encircle a pile providing anannular space between the inner casing and the pile, a mold formedbetween said casings adapted to receive plastic concrete, a reinforcingframe adapted to be locked in an encircled position around the casing,means for withdrawing the inner casing while the concrete is in plasticcondition, without destroying the annular formation of the moldedconcrete.

5. An apparatus for forming a concrete covering around a pile consistingof a sectional inner tube adapted to be opened bisectingly to encircle apile, a sectional outer tube adaptedto be bisected vertically havinghinged connections at one of its bisections and locking means forholding together the contiguous edges of the other bisection, adapted toform a mold for holding concrete, a supporting frame adapted to housesaid outer casing, means for opening said sectional outer casing and thesupporting frame conjointly to permit of their being clasped around apile, locking and supporting means for holding said supporting frame,means for Withdrawing the inner tube while the concrete is in a plasticcondition.

6. An apparatus for forming a concrete covering around a pile,consisting of an inner tube bisected vertically and an outer casinglongitudinally divided into semicylindrical segments, having hingedconnections at one of its divisional lines and locking means for holdingtogether the contiguous edges at the other divisional line, compressingmeans adapted to place the contiguous edges in closer contact, areinforcing frame adapted to house the outer casing, means for openingsaid outer casing and the reinforcing frame conjointly to admit oftransversely placing the casing around a pile to form a mold in which isplaced plastic concrete, means for Withdrawing the inner tube while theconcrete is in a plastic condition, and means for unlocking thereinforcing frame to facilitate its removal from the outer casingactuated from a point above the level of the water.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

ALFRED H. DAVIS.

Witnesses:

EDWARD W. SoowDEN, HELEN THOMETT.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe commissioner of Zhtentl, Washington, D. G.

